The Košice Gold Treasure is one of Slovakia’s most remarkable and significant archaeological finds, discovered on August 24, 1935, during construction work in the city of Košice. The treasure, dating from the late 15th and early 16th centuries, consists of 2,920 gold coins, three gold medallions, and a Renaissance gold chain, weighing a total of approximately 11 kilograms.
Discovery:
The treasure was unearthed by workers during the renovation of a building on the Main Street in Košice. The coins were found hidden in a copper chest buried beneath the floor of a former bank vault. The exact reasons why the treasure was hidden remain a mystery, but it is believed that it was concealed during a time of political and social unrest in the Kingdom of Hungary.
Composition of the Treasure:
- Coins: The majority of the coins originate from various European mints, including Hungary, the Holy Roman Empire, and Italian city-states. The coins date from the period between the 15th and 16th centuries.
- Gold Medallions: The three gold medallions are particularly noteworthy due to their exquisite craftsmanship and rarity.
- Gold Chain: The Renaissance gold chain is a fine example of jewelry from that period, showcasing intricate designs and high-quality craftsmanship.
Historical Context:
The Košice Gold Treasure is believed to have been accumulated by a wealthy individual or family during the tumultuous period of the late medieval and early Renaissance eras. The Kingdom of Hungary, of which Košice was a part, experienced significant turmoil during this time, including wars with the Ottoman Empire and internal conflicts. It is possible that the treasure was hidden to protect it from these dangers.
Current Location:
Today, the Košice Gold Treasure is preserved and displayed in the East Slovak Museum in Košice. It is considered a national cultural monument and is one of the museum’s most valuable and popular exhibits. The treasure not only provides a glimpse into the wealth and craftsmanship of the time but also holds great historical and cultural significance, offering insights into the economic and social conditions of the period in Central Europe.
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